大型分层型水库下泄水温对取水高程敏感性分析研究

为分析下泄水温随取水高程变化规律,探讨分层型水库下泄水温的敏感性,结合丰满水电站,建立了全三维水动力-水温耦合数学模型,并同时开展了物理模型实验,计算结果与实验结果进行了相互验证。对取水水头16.0~25.0 m下取水水温进行预测研究,结果表明:大型分层型水库下泄水温不仅与上游取水高程有关,还取决于坝前库区取水层水温垂向分布;随着取水水头的降低,下泄水温逐渐升高,而增幅表现出逐渐减小,且该变化规律与坝前取水层水温垂向梯度无关;当老坝缺口拆除高程大于240.0 m时,下泄水温受老坝缺口拆除高程影响有限;大型分层型水库取水水头建议取16.0~18.0 m,但该结论仅根据单一工程研究得出,其通用性尚需要根据其他工程进一步研究验证。

Sensibility analysis of intake elevation on water temperature discharged from a large thermal stratified reservoir

In order to investigate the influence of intake elevation on the water temperature,discuss its sensibility, a full three-dimensional flow-temperature coupled mathematics model was established combined with Fengman station. At the same time, a physical model test was carried out, and the calculated results and experimental results were validated each other. Based on the research for different intake elevations with16.0~25.0 m,it is pointed that the water temperature was influenced by water head and water temperature gradient in front of the dam. With the reduction of intake elevation,the temperature of discharged water increased. However,the growth of water temperature decreased gradually,which is independent of vertical gradient of water temperature. In case the elevation is larger than 240.0 m, the influence of old dam gap on discharged water temperature is little. The intake water head is suggested 16.0~18.0 m for large thermal stratified reservoir. However, the result was concluded only from single project, which should be further studied at other projects.