黄河河道整治方案与原则

黄河河道整治曾研究并实践过纵向控制方案、平顺防护整治方案、卡口整治方案、麻花型(∞型)整治方案和微弯型整治方案，最后采用并推广了微弯型整治方案。从实践中总结出了黄河河道整治应遵循的原则为：全面规划、团结治河；防洪为主、统筹兼顾；河槽滩地、综合治理；分析规律、确定流路；中水整治、考虑洪枯；依照实践、确定方案；以坝护弯、以弯导流；因势利导、优先旱工；主动布点、积极完善；分清主次、先急后缓；因地制宜、就地取材；继承传统、开拓创新。

Principles of river training and implemented scheme for Yellor River

Based on the summed up experience of river training for the Yellow River the implemented scheme for regulating the river to maintain a slightly curved course is suggested. The main principles of river training are changeable following the river situation, flood control requirements, problems occurred in training and state investment in various periods. In the 21 century, the principles are as follows: to formulate an overall training planning with emphasis laying on flood control, to establish an integrated management system, the training both for main channel and flood plain must be comprehensively considered, the flow route of the river must be guided according to the natural river regime, the training must be focused on the control of middle flood but the consideration should be also given both for the requirements of high flood and dry season flow, protecting river bends by groins and guiding main flows by the bends etc.