加强水旱灾害管理的战略需求与治水方略的探讨

本文通过对现今防洪抗旱减灾形势的分析,总结了国外推进水旱灾害管理的主要特点与趋向,提出我国加强水旱灾害管理的战略需求,并从我国基本国情出发探讨了适应我国国情的治水方略.研究认为,我国的治水方略必须克服期望靠短期高投入一举消除水患的倾向,以及克服盲目照搬他国"最新理念"的倾向;在治水方略的制定与技术方案的选择上,必须因地制宜,既要遵循自然规律,也要顺应经济社会的发展规律.最后提出,治水方略的调整应综合考虑防洪抗旱与环境保育的需求;水旱灾害风险管理需把握适度,要重点关注减灾管理.

Strategic demand for enhancing flood and drought management and investigation on policies of water governance

The experience and development trend of flood and drought management in abroad is summarized. On this basis, the strategic for enhancing flood and drought management and the policies for implementing water governance adaptive to the situation of China are suggested. It is pointed out that the water governance idea that attempt to eliminate all water disasters in a short period by relying on great amount of investment must be changed and the incorrect current trend that blindly indiscriminately imitate the experience in other countries should be overcome. The formulating of management strategies and selection of technical schemes must obey the principle of natural law, adaptive to the local situation and accommodate to the rule of socio economy development. Finally, the policies of water governance must comprehensively consider the requirements of resisting flood and drought disaster and protection of environment. The management of disaster reduction is the most important aspect to be paying attention.