拱坝多目标优化的研究与应用

本文探讨了拱坝多目标优化的模型、方法与应用。提出了以经济性指标(如坝体方量)和安全性指标(应力水平、强度失效概率、高应力区范围等)为优化的多个目标函数，导出了坝体失效概率的算式。优化方法采用理想点法，并通过对各分目标的权系数调整，提供能反映设计者偏爱的多个解方案。文中首次探讨了拱坝优化的柔性建模方式，并通过程序予以实现，使优化模型的三大要素，不再如传统那样完全被编程固定，而仅由编程提供变量、目标和约束的基本要素，在设计中通过交互手段建立不同含义的优化模型，从而实现建模的柔性化。初步的工程应用所得的成果合理，数据有一定规律，表明文中提出的模型与方法是可行的。

Study and application of multi-objective optimization for arch dam design

The modeling,calculation method and application of multi-objective optimization for arch dam design are investigated.The economic index(concrete volume of the dam) and safety indices (stress level,probability of failure,area of high stress zone) are adopted as objective functions for optimization.The formula for probability of strength failure is deduced.The weight ideal point method is used to solve the problem.By adjusting the weight coefficient of objective functions,many efficient solutions (Pareto-optimal set) are obtained whch will reflect the decision-maker's personal favor and value.The paper also introduces a flexible modeling and corresponding implementation using computer.The different types of optimal model(single objective or multi-objective) can be easily formed by man-machine interaction in this modeling framework.A preliminary application to some large dams is presented.The results are reasonable and reliable.It shows that the model and method are desirable.