黄河下游平滩流量对来水来沙变化的响应

本文探讨了平滩流量对来水来沙的滞后响应规律，发现平滩流量不仅与当年的水沙条件有关，而且与前期水沙条件有关，是一定时期内的水沙条件累积作用的结果。当采用滑动平均值来反应前期水沙条件的累积影响时，得出平滩流量与滑动平均汛期流量和滑动平均来沙系数的相关程度分别在4年和5年时达到最大值。据此建立了能够反映来水流量和来沙系数前期综合影响的平滩流量计算方法，可以用来估算黄河下游主要测站平滩流量随水沙条件的变化。

Response of bankfull discharge to variation of flow discharge and sediment load in lower reaches of Yellow River

The analysis on observation data reveals that the bankfull discharge in the lower reaches of Yellow River is not only affected by the flow discharge and sediment load in current year, but also by those in previous years. It implies that the bankfull discharge is determined by the accumulated effects of flow discharge a nd sediment load in consecutive years, which is represented by their moving average values. The highest correlations are found between the bankfull discharge and 4 year's moving average discharge as well as 5 year's moving average incoming sediment coefficient. A formula for calculating the bankfull discharge is proposed, which can reflect the accumulative effect of both flow discharge and incoming sediment coefficient. It can be used to predict the bankfull discharge in response to the variation of flow discharge and incoming sediment load in the lower reaches of Yellow River.