黄河口盐沼湿地植被群落适宜生境模拟Ⅰ：理论

黄河口三角洲天然盐沼植被呈明显的带状分布,为厘清径流和潮汐共同作用下黄河三角洲土壤水盐条件的响应及其对盐沼植被分布的影响,针对黄河三角洲自然保护区不同盐沼植被带,对其地下水和土壤水盐进行了野外原位监测,获得了不同盐沼植被带对环境因子的响应规律。通过元胞自动机模型模拟盐沼植被的空间扩散,改进Logistic模型模拟盐沼植被的种群增长和种间竞争,耦合元胞自动机模型和改进的Logistic模型,构建了盐沼植被种群增长-竞争动力学模型。基于MODFLOW模型和广义可加模型模拟得到环境因子的时空分布,与盐沼植被种群增长-竞争动力学模型结合,构建了土壤水盐协同-生长扩散植被群落适宜生境及生物量模拟模型。模型能够模拟不同径流和潮汐作用下,河口三角洲地下水动力过程及土壤水盐条件,进而获得不同盐沼植被的适宜生境和生物量的时空分布。

Simulation of salt marsh vegetation community's suitable habitat in Yellow River Estuary I:theory

The natural salt marsh vegetation in the Yellow River Delta has obvious banded distribution. In order to clarify the evolution process of soil water and salt conditions and their effects on salt marsh vegetation in the Yellow River Delta under runoff and tidal action. Based on the field investigation of salt marsh vegetation in the Nature Reserve of the Yellow River Delta,the response law of different salt marsh vegetation zones to environmental factors was obtained. The cellular automata model was used to simulate the spatial diffusion of salt marsh vegetation, and the Logistic model was improved to simulate the population growth and inter-specific competition of salt marsh vegetation. The coupled cellular automata model and the improved Logistic model were used to construct the growth-competition dynamics model of salt marsh vegetation. The spatial and temporal distribution of environmental factors was simulated based on MODFLOW model and combined with the salt marsh vegetation population growth-competitive dynamics model. A simulation model of suitable habitat for salt marsh vegetation under the influence of runoff and tide was established. The model can simulate groundwater dynamic process and soil water-salt conditions in estuarine deltas under different runoff and tidal action, and then obtain the spatial and temporal distribution of suitable habitat and biomass of different salt marsh vegetation.