新型地锚张弦梁式泥石流格栅坝构件受力的简化计算方法

针对常见泥石流防治结构被冲击破坏的问题,基于“柔性消能”理念,结合张弦梁结构和竖向预应力锚杆技术,提出一种既能改善结构受力性能、增加结构整体抗冲击能力、保证结构安全可靠,又能减小结构构件截面尺寸、节约成本、便于现场施工组装和后期运营维护的新型地锚张弦梁式泥石流格栅坝,并阐述其技术原理。根据泥石流荷载分布和新型地锚张弦梁式泥石流格栅坝的受力特征,给出其简化的内力计算方法;并利用SAP2000建立新结构有限元模型,分析了结构的整体受力,验证了构件简化计算方法的合理性;结合Python语言和Qt De? signer软件开发了相应的设计计算软件,对新型地锚张弦梁式泥石流格栅坝的内力进行求解。结果表明：提出的新结构抗冲击性能好,构件受力均匀;以后设计中应关注竖杆的剪切脆性破坏和立柱偏心受力情况,保证结构安全;变形协调仅使底层张弦梁与竖杆内力偏大,实际工程应用时,应着重验算底层构件,防止其破坏;文中提出的简化计算方法能较准确的反映结构的受力特性,具有一定的合理性,研究可为新型地锚张弦梁式泥石流格栅坝的设计计算和推广应用提供理论依据和技术支持。

Simplified calculation method for the members of novel ground anchor and beam string debris flow grid dam

In view of the impact damage of debris flow prevention structures, based on the concept of "flexible energy dissipation" and combined with beam string structure and vertical prestressed anchor technology, a novel ground anchor and beam string debris flow grid dam is proposed, and the principle and technology are described. The structure can not only improve the mechanical performance, increase its overall impact resistance, ensure the safety and reliability, but also reduce the cross-section size of the structural members, save the cost, facilitate the site construction assembly and later operation and maintenance. According to the load distribution of debris flow and the stress characteristics of the novel ground anchor and beam string debris flow grid dam, the simplified calculation method of internal force is given. The finite element model of the new structure was established by using SAP2000, and the overall force of the structure was analyzed, by which the rationality of the simplified calculation method was verified. Combined with Python language and QT Designer software, the corresponding design and calculation software was developed to solve the internal force of the novel ground anchor and beam string debris flow grid dam. The results show that:the above-mentioned dam structure has good impact resistance; the members of structural are uniformly stressed. In the future design, attention should be paid to the shear brittle failure of the vertical bar and the eccentric stress of the column to ensure the structural safety. The compatibility of deformation only makes the internal force of the bottom beam string and the vertical bar larger, in practical engineering application, the bottom member should be checked to prevent its damage. The simplified calculation method proposed in this paper can accurately reflect the stress characteristics of the structure, and has a certain rationality. The research can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the design and application of the novel ground anchor and beam string debris flow grid dam.