灌溉水文学尺度转换问题研究综述

灌溉水文学是研究灌溉农业生态系统的一门科学，该系统由地表水、地下水(饱和与非饱和)、大气、土壤和植物等分系统构成，研究过程或特性的空间域从微观尺度变化到全球尺度，时间域则从几秒到数个世纪。如何将微观自然尺度下具有高度非线性的物理、化学和生物特性的过程尺度转换到灌溉农业生态系统这类宏观尺度上，如何监测、描述和包含尺度转换非线性过程中存在的自然异质性问题，如何获得不同时空尺度过程或特性变异性的可靠估值等问题，是当前灌溉水文学研究的热点与难点。本文对国内外有关灌溉水文学尺度转换问题研究的进展进行综述，探讨相关的主要研究方向与内容。

Review on scaling study in irrigation hydrology

Irrigation hydrology is the science for researching irrigated agroecosystems in which the storage applications or drainage water volumes are artificially controlled in the landscape. The spatial domain for research varies from micro scale to global scale, and the temporal domain varies from seconds to centuries. The continuum science of irrigation hydrology includes the surface water, subsurface water (unsaturated and groundwater systems), atmospheric, soil and plant subsystems. The hot spots of research in this field are focused in the follwing problems:how to transform the micro scale variation process with nonlinear physical, chemical and biological characteristics in natural into irrigated agroecosystem; how to measure, characterize and including the natural heterogeneity in nonlinear scaling transormation process; how to acquire the the reliability estimation in different scales. In this paper, the review of advancement in scaling study on irrigation hydrology is given and the main topics pending for studying are suggested.