淮河流域水系盒维数与连通度相关性研究

在自然演变和人工干预双重影响下,河湖水系的发育程度和连通效果在不断变化,进而影响到流域水资源的合理开发利用。本文以淮河流域作为研究对象,从数字高程模型中提取了全流域水系结构图,并根据其他资料对结果进行修正;基于当地人工水系建设背景,运用分形理论计算了全流域13个水资源三级分区有、无人工水系情况下的水系分形盒维数;基于河道闸坝工程建设背景,运用图论方法计算了全流域13个水资源分区有、无闸坝工程情况下的水系连通度;最后,采用统计学方法研究了淮河水系盒维数指标与水系连通度指标之间的联系。结果显示,剔除人工水系后的各分区水系盒维数有不同程度的下降,且下降程度与区域水系个数、面积一定程度上成正比例关系;考虑有无人工水系、闸坝工程影响的各分区水系连通度,有的增大,有的减小;水系盒维数与连通度间大体上呈现正相关的趋势关系。研究成果可为有关部门开展淮河流域水系建设工作提供理论支撑,为摸清自然规律和人类活动对水系形态结构、发育情况和连通性的影响提供技术支持。

Study on relationship between box dimension and connectivity of river system in Huaihe River Basin

Under the dual influence of natural evolution and artificial intervention, the development and connectivity degree of river and lake system are constantly changing, which affects the reasonable develop-ment and utilization of basin water resource. Taking the Huaihe River Basin as the research object, river system of the whole basin was extracted from DEM, and it was corrected with other data. Firstly, box di-mensions of natural and artificial river system in 13 water resource divisions of the whole basin were calcu-lated by application of the fractal theory in the context of local artificial river system construction. Second-ly, the river system connectivity influenced by dams or not in 13 water resource divisions were calculated by the method of graph theory in the background of dam construction. At last, the correlation analysis be-tween box dimensions and the river system connectivity were researched with the statistical method. The re-sults show that the box dimension of river system in each water resource division decreases in different de-gree excluding artificial water system and the degree of decline is in proportion to the number and area of river systems to a certain extent. Some of the river system connectivity increase, but others decrease on the consideration of the impact of artificial river system and dam construction. The box dimension is posi-tively correlated with the connectivity of river system in general. The research can provide theoretical sup-port for relevant departments to carry out river system construction in the Huaihe River Basin, and techni-cal support for finding out the influence of nature laws and human activities on river system form, struc-ture and connectivity.