注重荒漠区胡杨林生态保护与修复的汊渗轮灌研究

针对传统生态调度"只放不灌""大水漫灌"造成的生态水利用效率低、灌溉面积有限等实际问题,本文基于荒漠区耐旱性植被胡杨特殊的生物节律,提出汊渗轮灌的灌溉理念,明确了汊渗轮灌的定义、内涵,构建了汊渗轮灌系统和灌溉模式,搭建了汊渗轮灌的基本框架.以我国最大的内陆河塔里木河下游为例,基于汊渗轮灌的灌溉模式优化塔河下游原有的工程...

Study on the ditch rotation irrigation for ecological protection and restoration of Populus euphratica forests in the desert area

The extensive management mode of traditional ecological operation(e.g. flood irrigation)has caused practical problems such as low efficiency of ecological water use and limited irrigation area. Based on the special biorhythm of drought-tolerant Populus euphratica in desert area, this paper puts forward the irrigation concept of Ditch Rotation Irrigation(DRI), defines the definition and connotation of DRI, constructs the DRI system, and builds the basic framework of DRI. Aiming at practical problems such as the deterioration of the ecological environment, the reduction of biodiversity, the ineffective evaporation of ecological water, and the low utilization efficiency. Take the lower reaches of the Tarim River which is the largest inland river in my country as an example, the irrigation mode based on the DRI has optimized the original engineering layout of the lower reaches of the Tarim River and constructed a new planar ecological water delivery method with double channels, channels and branch rivers. Developed a real-time scheduling scheme Daxihaizi ecological reservoir, and the poplar branch infiltration rotational irrigation system combined to achieve the practical application of Tarim River ecological operation in 2020 with the DRI. The results show that:(1) Compared with the previous ecological water evaporation in the river and Taitema Lake, the evaporation of ecological water only accounted for 0.4% of the total water volume, and the utilization efficiency of ecological water exceeded 83%, which greatly improved the utilization efficiency of ecological water. (2) The groundwater level in the test area is increased by 0.28-0.84m, and the groundwater storage capacity is about 1.28 million cubic meters, which realizes the underground ecological water bank that stores water in the ground, and ensures the sustainability of ecological dispatch and DRI. (3) The new ecological water delivery length of the ditch infiltration irrigation is 7km, and the newly added Populus euphratica forests ecological restoration area is 600, 000 square meters, which provides a good guarantee for the healthy habitat of the Populus euphratica forests such as floating seeding, germination and growth. The research results provide new ideas and new methods for the ecological protection and restoration of the protective vegetation in the desert area.