基于Budyko假设的黄河流域水热耦合平衡规律研究

本文通过对黄河流域内63个子流域的年降水、径流深及实际蒸散发和蒸发能力的分析，证实了基于Budyko假设的流域水热耦合平衡关系是成立的。根据各子流域的长期水量平衡结果拟合并检验了水热耦合平衡模型中的唯一参数，结果显示，该参数具有显著的区域分布规律，黄土高原区平均为3.22，青藏高原区平均为2.27。 同时，研究结果表明，模型参数综合反映了流域的下垫面条件，并提出了根据流域相对入渗能力、相对植被-土壤有效蓄水能力和流域平均坡度估算模型参数的经验公式。

Study on coupled water energy balance in Yellow River basin based on Budyko Hypothesis

The validity of Budyko Hypothesis on coupled water-energy balance in river basin is verified according to the analysis on the observation data of annual precipitation, runoff, evaporation and real evapotranspiration in 63 sub-riverbasins of the Yellow River. The only one parameter of the model expressing the balance is obtained by fitting of the longterm water balance data. It is found that this parameter obviously varies in regions, which is 3.22 in loess plateau region and 2.27 in Qinghai-Tibet plateau region respectively. Further study shows that this parameter comprehensively reflects the underlying condition of the land in the river basin to be studied. An empirical relationship for estimating the parameter from average slope, relative infiltration capacity and relative vegetation-extractable soilwater capacity of the river basin is established.