大型渡槽铅销橡胶支座减震机理的数值模拟

采用数值模拟方法探讨了大型渡槽采用铅销橡胶支座(Lead Rubber Bearing,简称LRB)的减震效果及减震机理。应用流体固体动力耦合模型合理地处理了渡槽内水体与槽壁的动力相互作用，并考虑了LRB的双线性特性对整个渡槽系统的影响，编制了相应的分析计算程序。数值分析结果说明：(1)各种条件下LRB都有不同程度的减震效果，未产生负面效应，采用LRB对渡槽进行减震是可行的；(2)不同型号的LRB减震装置都有很好的减震效果，但各响应量会有较大差异，针对不同的渡槽存在减震支座优选的问题；(3)LRB减震支座对较大地震激励比小震更有效，但设置LRB支座以后，槽体的大位移对槽体的止水等联接部位将有较高的要求，这是采用减震支座时应特别注意的问题。

Aseismic effect of lead rubber bearing for large scaled aqueduct

Numerical simulation is carried out to study the aseismic effect of lead rubber bearing for large scaled aqueduct.The fluid-solid coupled model is applied to deal with the interaction between water flow and aqueduct wall.The effect of bilinear hysteresis characteristic of lead rubber bearing on the response of aqueduct system is taken into account.The simulation result shows that:1. lead rubber bearing is effective in seismic reduction; 2. different type of lead rubber bearing results in different level of response,so that the bearing must be optimized; 3. attention must be paid to the water seals for the junctions of aqueduct,since large displacements will occur during earthquake,if the lead rubber bearing is adopted.