基于遥感的三江平原主要生态类型耗水分析和水分盈亏状况研究

利用SEBAL模型和MODIS的MOD11A1、MOD13A2、MOD43B3产品计算了2006年生长季5-9月三江平原地表蒸散量，并且结合降水量数据,借助GIS技术对主要生态类型的耗水和水分盈亏状况进行分析。结果表明：森林、湿地、旱田和水田生态系统在2006年生长季的耗水量分别为697.14、562.21、486.17和523.52mm，在本研究区，森林生态系统的蒸散量大于其他生态系统；在2006年生长季总体来看，三江平原北部和中部区域耗水量要小于降水量;东部、南部和西部则相反。森林、湿地、水田和旱田生态系统在06年生长季水分盈亏量平均值分别为-193.46、-23.38、-1.86和37.59mm；从湿地、水田和旱田的水分盈亏情况对比来看，湿地开垦为水田比湿地开垦为旱田更适应于当地的自然条件，对于农作物来说，从整个生长季来看三江平原降雨量可以基本满足地表蒸散的需求，但是时空不匹配，在特定的月份上，会出现干旱。

A remotely sensed Study on water consumption and water budget in the Sanjiang Plain

Water consumptions and water budget was studied with GIS technique based on the data of Evapotranspiration estimated with SEBAL model and MODIS product (MOD11A1, MOD13A2, MOD43B3) and monitoring precipitation. The results showed that the season water consumption of forest, wetland, dry farmland, paddy field was 697.14mm, 562.21mm, 486.17mm, 523.52mm during 2006.The average evapotranspiration of forest was much more than other ecological systems;2)the season water consumption was more than the precipitation over the northern and middle part of Sanjiang Plain , contrary to eastern, southern and western part. The average season water budget of forest, wetland, dry farmland, paddy field was -193.46mm, -23.38mm, -1.86mm and 37.59mm.3) In view of the season water budget of wetland, paddy field and dry farmland, paddy field fit the water supply condition better than dry farmland. The precipitation over Sanjiang Plain can meet the requirement of land surface evapotranspiration during the growth season, 2006. However, the spatial-temporal distribution was unmatched between water consumptions and precipitation. Drought occurred in several months.