| 泥石流龙头运动的实验研究及能量理论 |
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| 引用本文： | 王兆印. 泥石流龙头运动的实验研究及能量理论[J]. 水利学报, 2001, 32(3): 0018-0027 |
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| 作者姓名： | 王兆印 |
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| 作者单位： | 清华大学水利水电工程系;国际泥沙研究培训中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 中科院东川泥石流观测研究站(49831010)和国家自然科学基金委支助项目(59425005). |
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| 摘 要： | 本文采用多种卵石进行水流冲刷沟床沉积物发展形成两相泥石流的实验，研究了泥石流的形成和发展过程，发现了形成泥石流的临界坡降与沟床卵石粒径的关系，揭示泥石流头部隆起高度与龙头卵石粒径成正比，提出了小卵石瞬时速度高而大卵石平均速度高的碰撞分选机理。本文建立了龙头运动的能量理论和泥石流平均速度的理论公式，并成功地计算了泥石流运动的平均速度。
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| 关 键 词： | 泥石流 平均速度 临界坡降 碰撞分选 龙头高度 |
| 文章编号： | 0559-9350(2001)03-0018-09 |
| 修稿时间： | 1998-06-05 |
Experimental study on debris flow head and the energy theory |
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| WANG Zhao-yin. Experimental study on debris flow head and the energy theory[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2001, 32(3): 0018-0027 |
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| Authors: | WANG Zhao-yin |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Tsinghua University; 2.International Research and Trining Center on Erosion and Sedimentation |
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| Abstract: | The initiation and development of debris flow are experimentally studied with various kinds of gravel and flows in a debris flow test flume. The study indicates that the critical slope for initiation of debris flow is closely related to the diameter of the bed material and the height of debris flow head is proportional to the diameter of the gravel composing the head. The mechanism of collision and momentum exchange explains the high instantaneous but low average velocities of small gravel and relatively stable velocity of large gravel. The energy theory of debris flow is established and a theoretical formula of debris flow velocity is derived. The formula is in good agreement with the experimental and field data. |
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| Keywords: | debris flow average velocity critical slope initiation of debris flow collision and momentum exchange height of debris flow head |
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