新时期治黄方略初探

"水少、沙多、水沙调控能力不足"是治黄历史矛盾。新时期治黄矛盾发生了重大变化,"沙多"得到了大幅度控制,"水沙调控能力不足"有了一定程度的缓解,"水少"已经演化成为主要矛盾。面向新时期黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展目标,应对治黄矛盾的思路在于"增水、减沙、提高水沙调控能力",促进流域水沙关系协调。实施西部调水是破解治黄矛盾的战略性举措,不仅可以保障黄河长治久安,支撑流域高质量发展用水需求,还能够有效提升黄淮海平原生态环境质量。基于治黄矛盾及其发展变化规律,提出了新时期治黄五大方略,即坚持生态优先的高质量发展、以水为脉的系统治理保护、应对极端灾害风险的综合预防、流域自然-社会水循环协同管控、流域和区域统筹的五大平衡控制。

Preliminary study on harnessing strategies for Yellow River in the new period

Less water,more sand,and lack of balance between water and sedimentis the historical contradiction of harnessing the Yellow River. In the new period,the contradiction of harnessing the Yellow River has taken place significant changes."More sand" has been sharply controlled, and"lack of balance between water and sediment" has been alleviated to a certain extent, while "Less water" has evolved into the main aspect of the contradiction of harnessing the Yellow River. Facing the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin in the new period,the idea to deal with the contradiction of harnessing the Yellow River is to"increase water, decrease sand, improve water and sand regulation ability", for the promotion of water and sand coordination. The implementation of western water transfer is a strategic measure to solve the contradiction of harnessing the Yellow River. It can not only support the water demand for high-quality development in river basin, guarantee the long-term peace and stability of the Yellow River,but also effectively improve the ecological environment quality of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. Based on the principal contradiction and the law of development and change of harnessing the Yellow River, five strategies of harnessing the Yellow River in the new period are put forward, namely, adhere high-quality development with ecological priority; adhere to the systematic management and protection strategy based on water; adhere to the comprehensive prevention strategy based on extreme disaster risk; adhere to the coordinated control strategy based on natural and social water circulation in the river basin, and adhere to the five balanced control strategies based on the overall planning of river basin and region.