高碾压混凝土拱坝分缝形式及破坏机理研究

本文结合四川沙牌碾压混凝土(RCC)拱坝,通过结构模型破坏试验,对RCC拱坝的分缝形式、坝体开裂与破坏机理进行研究,分析了诱导缝、横缝、周边缝等分缝形式对坝体的影响,确定了两条诱导缝加两条横缝的方案为选定方案。根据选定的分缝方案,探讨含诱导缝坝体的开裂破坏机理。研究中采用断裂力学理论,求得考虑尺寸效应的材料断裂韧度值和建立诱导缝的应力强度因子计算式,并通过分析断裂韧度与应力强度因子之间的关系,从理论上推导出诱导缝的开裂相似条件。据此提出在结构模型中模拟诱导缝的方法,在结构模型试验中实现对诱导缝的相似模拟,观察到坝体的开裂过程、破坏形态和破坏机理。试验结果已应用于沙牌拱坝工程的设计和施工中。

Study on joint types and destructive mechanism of high RCC arch dams

The effects of various joints on damage behaviors of RCC arch dams are studied experimentally by destructive model test for the Shapai Project located in Sichuan Province, China. It is found that the combination of two induced joints with two transverse joints is the best scheme for arrangement of joints. For further investigating the cracking and failure mechanism of the dam in model, the similarity law for modeling the cracking of induced joints is deduced based on the relationship between fracture toughness and stress intensity factor. The cracking process, fracture behavior and the failure mechanism of the dam are obtained from the model test.