基于MIKE21的河道饮用水源地突发污染事故模拟——以赣江南昌段为例

为及时处理赣江南昌段突发性水污染事故,采用MIKE21二维水质模型建立了赣江南昌段水动力模型,通过耦合污染物传输模型研究了该河段上游物质释放和运移扩散过程。模拟过程中,利用2013年赣江水文数据对模型进行率定和验证,在模拟精度符合要求的基础上模拟了2013年赣江南昌段分别在丰、平、枯3种典型水文情势下的突发水污染事故中污染物运移扩散过程。模拟结果表明:在丰、平水文情势下,污染团流过饮用水取水口速度较快,历经2～4 h;枯水水文情势下污染团流过取水口较慢,历时会超过10 h;突发水污染事故对饮用水取水口影响程度受赣江水文情势的影响显著。

Simulation of emergent water pollution accident in river-type drinking water sources based on MIKE 21 : case of Nanchang reach of Ganjiang River

To timely treat the emergent water pollution accident in Nanchang reach of the Ganjiang River, a hydrodynamic model for this reach was established by MIKE 21 model, and by using the model plus pollutant emigration model, the releasing and emigration processes of pollutant in the upstream were calculated. In the simulation, the hydrodynamic model was calibrated and verified by the measured hydrological data of the Ganjiang River in 2013 and the qualified model was used to simulate the pollutant release and emigration processes of emergent pollution accident in upstream under typical hydrological regime of wet, normal and dry periods. The results showed that in the cases of wet and normal periods, the pollutant mass can speedily pass through the drinking water intakes in 2 to 4 hours, but in dry period, the pollutant mass passes the drinking water intakes over 10 hours. The impact of emergent pollution accident on the water intakes is significantly influenced by hydrological regime of the Ganjiang River.