高坝水力学的理论与实践

在我国高坝工程快速兴建的背景下，高坝水力学呈现出前所未有的发展态势。对我国近年来高坝水力学的理论、方法、技术研究及其在工程中的应用进行了综述，涉及消能防冲、空化空蚀、流激振动、泄洪雾化、水气二相流等多个方面。将该领域的发展趋势归纳为深度、广度和高度3个方向，即理论研究从宏观尺度向细观尺度深化；研究范围从坝区向流域拓展；新技术研发向进一步突出原创性和系统性提升。通过回顾与展望，总结了我国高坝水力学所取得的成就以及目前面临的挑战。

Theory and practice of high dam hydraulics

Under the background of the rapid construction of high dam projects in China, the high dam hydraulics shows an unprecedented development trend. In this paper, the theory, methods, techniques of high dam hydraulics and its engineering application in recent years were reviewed, including energy dissipation and anti-scouring, cavitation and damage, flow-induced vibration, flood discharge atomization, water-gas two-phase flow and so on. The development trend of high dam hydraulics was summarized from three aspects of profundity, scope and high level, namely, theoretical research is deepened from macro scale to micro scale; research scope is expanded from dam area to watershed; new technology research and development highlights original innovation and systematic upgrading. Through review and outlook, this paper summarized the achievements and challenges of high dam hydraulics in China.