湘江长沙综合枢纽库区水环境承载力研究

选取湘江长沙综合枢纽库区为研究区,从社会经济、水资源供给、水资源利用与调控等角度选取25个指标,构建评价指标体系,对研究区进行水环境承载力评价。结果表明:①2006～2015年库区水环境承载力从0.267增至0.394,整体呈上升趋势。②各子系统水环境承载力差异较大,社会经济系统、水资源利用系统及水资源调控系统承载力指数整体呈增长趋势,从而提升了库区整体水环境承载力;而水资源供给子系统呈波动变化趋势。③枢纽运行后,库区长沙、株洲、湘潭各段水环境承载力均有所提升,2015年各区段水环境承载力均达到一般水平。④影响库区水环境承载力的主要因素是湘江长沙综合枢纽运行、社会经济发展水平、水资源利用效率和污染物排放总量等。

Research on water environmental carrying capacity of reservoir area of Xiangjiang Changsha Hydro-complex

The reservoir area of Xiangjiang changsha hydro-complex reservoir was selected as the research area, 25 indicators from the social economy, water supply, water resource utilization and regulation aspects were selected to construct an evaluation index system to evaluate the water environment carrying capacity. The results showed that:(1) From 2006 to 2015, the carrying capacity of water environment increased from 0.267 to 0.394, and the overall trend was upward.(2)The carrying capacity of water environment of each subsystem varies greatly. The carrying capacity index of social economic system, water resource utilization system and the water resources regulation subsystem showed steady growth trends, which improved the overall carrying capacity of water environment in the reservoir area. But the water resources supply subsystem showed a fluctuation trend.(3) After the operation of the hydro-complex, the carrying capacity of water environment in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan sections increased. In 2015, the carrying capacity of water environment of all the sections reached a common level.(4) The main factors affecting the carrying capacity of the water environment in the reservoir area were the operation of Xiangjiang Changsha Hydro-complex, the social and economic level development, the utilization efficiency of water resources and the total amount of pollutant emissions.