我国喷混植生护坡绿化技术浅析

喷混植生作为一种护坡绿化工程技术,具备边坡植被修复与浅层防护的双重效益,是传统硬化圬工护坡所无法媲美的,近些年来在众多裸露干扰边坡的综合治理中得到了广泛应用。将喷混植生护坡绿化技术定义为采用喷播设备将植绿物种同其他若干材料的均匀混合物喷射到边坡,实现坡面植被恢复与浅层防护的机械绿化技术。介绍了国内4种典型喷混植生护坡绿化技术的内涵及其异同点。指出了当前喷混植生护坡绿化技术所存在的植被群落生态适应性差、工程实施成本高、养护管理措施欠缺等问题。从优势植物品种选育及时空配模式、施工工艺及养护管理技术、护坡绿化效应等方面,提出了喷混植生护坡绿化技术今后的发展研究方向。

Spray sowing technology for slope greening in China

The spray sowing has benefits of slope vegetation restoration and shallow layer anti-sliding, which has been widely used in the comprehensive management of many disturbed slopes in recent years. However, its concept is not clear. This paper defined the spray sowing protective technology as spraying the mixture of vegetation species and some other materials to the slope surface by spraying equipment to realize vegetation restoration and shallow protection on the slope surface. Connotation, similarities and differences of four typical technologies are introduced. Key problems existing in the spray sowing protective technology for vegetation rehabilitation include poor ecological adaptability of vegetation communities, high construction cost and inadequate conservation measures. Several suggestions for the future development of the spray sowing protective technology are proposed from breeding and spatial-temporal collocation of dominant species, construction and maintenance management technology, slope greening effect.