唐家山堰塞湖应急处置技术特点与体会

四川汶川大地震造成北川附近唐家山山体大滑坡，形成一座危害程度极高的堰塞湖。为避免堰塞坝溃决而导致严重的次生灾害，由水利部组织实施了唐家山堰塞湖除险工程措施。工程应急处置方案为开挖泄流渠引流冲刷，并在实施过程对方案进行动态调整优化。唐家山堰塞湖排险施工历时17 d，成功地解除了险情，工程施工与泄流过程未造成人员伤亡。在唐家山应急除险中，充分体现行业专业优势和技术支撑作用，应急处置中采取的“因势利导、借力自然、安全可控”的技术思路，可作为其他大型堰塞湖抢险的科学指导原则。

Technological characteristics and experience of Emergency handling for Tangjiashan barrier lake

Wenchuan Earthquake caused giant landslide of Tangjiashan Mountain in the vicinity of Beichuan County and formed a very dangerous barrier lake.In order to avoid severe secondary disaster caused by break of the barrier lake,the Ministry of Water Resources has organized and implemented the danger removing measures.The emergency handling scheme is to excavate a discharge canal and divert lake water to scour barriers.The scheme was dynamically adjusted in the implementing process,and after 17 day handling,the danger of Tangjiashan Barrier Lake was successfully removed without casualties.The professional superiority and technological support has been brought into full play in the emergency handling.The technological idea of "adroitly guiding actions according to circumstances,with the aid of nature,being safe and controllable" adopted in the emergency handling can be taken as a scientific guideline for emergency handling of large barrier lakes in future.