深圳前海水廊道水体交换物理模型试验研究

深圳前海水廊道的建设目的是将前海规划区打造成一个亲水城区,使前海水系变成一个便于调度的整体水系。但是水廊道内水体交换弱,且不断有来自陆域的污染物汇入,大铲湾码头的建设使前海成为一个半封闭式港池,更进一步减弱了水体交换能力。为研究前海湾最佳水环境保护方案,通过现场资料分析与水质物理模型对深圳前海水廊道水动力条件、水体污染物浓度变化进行了研究。研究结果表明,水廊道水容量有限、流动性差、水交换或污染稀释能力比前海的水体差,而环状水廊道水体交换能力较指状廊道而言又更差,靠自身稀释降解污染物非常困难,通过注水方案可加快水廊道内水体交换扩散,对环状水廊道水质改善尤其明显。

Physical model test on water exchange at Qianhai water corridor in Shenzhen

The construction of water corridors of Qianhai water zone of Shenzhen is to make it a water recreation region and an integral water system that can be easily scheduled. However, the water exchange in the water corridor is weak and serious pollution flows in from the land. More seriously, Qianhai water zone became a semi enclosed basin due to the construction of Dachanwan port, which further weakened the water exchange ability. To research the optimum scheme for water environment protection, the water dynamic condition, pollution concentration variation of the water corridor were studied through field data analysis and physical model test. The results showed that the water capacity in water corridor is limited, the fluidity is poor, the water exchange or pollutant dilution ability is worse than that of the Qianhai water zone, and the water exchange ability of the circular water corridor is poorer more than that of the finger-type corridor. So the self-dilution is difficult and the water injection is needed to accelerate the exchange and diffusion of the water corridor, especially for the water quality improvement of the circular channel.