三峡工程永久船闸高边坡卸荷松动带变形特点

岩质人工高边坡的形成常常引起稳定和变形等方面的工程问题。为了探讨裂隙岩体开挖边坡的变形特点，以三峡工程永久船闸高边坡的变形监测和地质研究成果为例，根据变形位移过程并比照开挖过程分析，认为整个边坡岩体卸荷过程须经历预变形阶段、剧变形阶段、渐变形阶段和后变形阶段等４个阶段。开挖边坡卸荷岩体可为３个带：表层松动带、卸荷变形带以及应力调整带。并对一些与边坡变形有关的因素，如结构面的产状、密度和规模，以及加固效果等也进行了讨论。

Rock deformation in off-load loose zone of high excavated slope at TGP's shiplock

The high excavated rock slope always causes some engineering problems about stability and deformation.In order to study the deformation characteristics of excavated slope on jointed rock mass,the results of deformation monitoring and geology survey of TGP's permanent shiplock are analysed,and it is concluded that the unloading of whole slope rock mass proceeds in 4 stages in the light of the comparison between deformation displacement and excavation process,i.e,predeformation stage,rapid deformation stage,gradual deformation stage and post deformation stage.Off load rock mass of excavated slope can be divided into 3 zones:surface loose zone,off load deformation zone and stress adjustment zone.Some factors related with slope deformation,such as the orientation,density and size of structure planes as well as strengthening effect are also discussed.