农业高效用水研究进展与成果回顾

在系统阐述农业高效用水研究进展与发展趋势基础上,对农业高效用水研究领域取得的主要成果及创新进行回顾和综述。在应用基础与前沿技术方面,开展农田水土管理、灌区节水决策、精量灌溉预报决策、精量控制地面灌溉、喷微灌水肥高效利用、农田氮素迁移转化与控制等方法和技术研究;在关键技术与产品方面,对喷滴灌、地面灌、管道输水灌溉、灌区用水管理、农田排水与涝渍灾害防治、劣质水资源化灌溉利用、农业水资源开发利用、节水灌溉设备质量监测与评价等技术和产品进行研发;在宏观战略与发展对策方面,开展农村水利发展战略、粮食安全与灌溉发展战略、节水灌溉发展战略和农村水利科技发展战略等研究。通过国家重大科技成果推广应用项目,对取得的科技成果进行转化和推广应用,为我国农业高效用水提供了新技术、新方法和新产品。

Review on progress and achievement in efficient water use research in agriculture

This paper summarized the main achievements and innovations in the research field of efficient agricultural water use by IWHR on the basis of systematically expatiat ing its study progress and development trend. With respect to application bases and advanced technologies, the study priorities include onfarm soil and water management, decision-making on water-saving in irrigation districts, decision-making on forecasting of precise irrigat ion, precise control of surface irrigation, efficient water-and-fertilizer use by sprinkling andmicro irrigat ion, and transformation-transport control of nitrogen on farmlands etc. With regard to key technologies and products, the study priorities include sprinkling and dripping irrigation, surface irrigat ion, pipeline irrigation, water management in irrigation districts, drainage and prevention of water-logging, utilization of poor quality water for irrigation, exploitat ion of agricultural water resources, quality monitoring and assessment of water-saving equipments etc. With respect to macro-strategy and development countermeasures, the research has been conducted on water resources exploitation in rural areas , food security and irrigation development strategy and water saving development strategy. These achievements have been transformed and extended to applicat ion, and provided new technology, new approaches and new products to high-efficient water use in agriculture.