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我国河流生态基流理论研究回顾
引用本文:陈昂,隋欣,廖文根,陈凯麒.我国河流生态基流理论研究回顾[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2016(6):401-411.
作者姓名:陈昂  隋欣  廖文根  陈凯麒
作者单位:中国长江三峡集团公司 水电环境研究院, 北京 100012;中国水利水电科学研究院 国家水电可持续发展研究中心, 北京 100038;清华大学 土木水利学院, 北京 100084,中国水利水电科学研究院 国家水电可持续发展研究中心, 北京 100038,水利部水利水电规划设计总院, 北京 100120,环境保护部环境工程评估中心, 北京 100012
基金项目:中国博士后科学基金项目(2016M592404);中国长江三峡集团公司资助项目(0799556,0766557,0799558,0799564)
摘    要:从生态基流的概念内涵、发展历程、计算方法和相关规定4个方面回顾了我国河流生态基流的发展历程。首先梳理了生态基流的概念,从生态基流支撑的河流生态系统功能、生态需水过程辨析了我国河流生态基流内涵;根据40年来我国河流生态基流的发展历程,将其分为探索、起步、发展和完善阶段共4个阶段,并总结了各阶段的特征;回顾梳理了国内外生态基流计算方法的发展历程,并对计算方法进行分类;最后梳理了我国已颁布的河流生态基流相关法律、规范、导则和指南,分析了现有规定的不足及未来的研究发展方向。可为我国河流生态基流理论研究提供依据,为河流生态系统保护政策的制定提供决策参考。

关 键 词:生态基流  环境影响评价  生态需水  环境流
收稿时间:2015/10/13 0:00:00

Review study on instream ecological base flow in China
CHEN Ang,SUI Xin,LIAO Wengen and CHEN Kaiqi.Review study on instream ecological base flow in China[J].Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,2016(6):401-411.
Authors:CHEN Ang  SUI Xin  LIAO Wengen and CHEN Kaiqi
Affiliation:China Three Gorges Corporation, Institute of Hydropower and Environment Research, Beijing 100012, China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 10038, China;Tsinghua University, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing 100084, China,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 10038, China,Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General Institute, MWR, Beijing 100120, China and Appraisal Center for Environment and Engineering Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100012, China
Abstract:This paper reviews the development of researches and practices on ecological base flow in China from four aspects such as the concepts and connotation, the development process, the calculation methods and relevant provisions. Firstly we summarized the commonly used concepts around the world,and discrimi-nated between the connotations of the concepts from river ecosystem service functions which ecological flow satisfies, ecological water demand processes and threshold value of ecological base flow. Then we divided the process into four phases and analyzed the characteristics according to 40-year development process of ecological base flow in China. The four phases are exploratory period, the initial period, development peri-od and improvement period. Then we summarized the calculation methods and classified them into four types. In the end,we sorted out the promulgated relevant laws,regulations,guidelines and guidance of eco-logical base flow and analyzed the deficiency and future research directions. The results provided the basis for theoretical studies and decision making in river ecosystem conservation policies.
Keywords:ecological base flow  environmental impact assessment  ecological water demand  environmen-tal flow
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