汊道平面形态对河口潮波传播的影响

河口平面形态对于潮波运动有着明显的影响，特殊的河口汊道平面形态会使得潮波传播出现复杂的特征，从而造成一些河口独特的水位分布状态。本文的研究以河口分汊汊道为例，利用Delft3D建立一系列潮汐河口分汊理想数学模型，通过各个模型河口汊道平面形态的概化设置，探讨了不同汊道弯曲以及宽度收敛等平面形态特征对潮波传播过程的影响，阐明潮汐河口汊道平面形态特征对径潮动力状态的影响机制。研究表明汊道宽度收敛效应是河口潮波传播过程产生变化的主要原因，宽度收敛效应通过调整摩阻项及压力梯度项之间的动量平衡过程增强了潮波传播。

Impacts of channel plane form on tidal propagation in river estuaries

The plane form of estuarine channel has significant influences on the tidal dynamics. A special plane form of the estuarine channel would cause complex characteristics of the tidal wave propagation, which results in the unique water level distribution of some estuaries. With the bifurcated estuarine channel as an example, a set of ideal mathematical models of tidal estuarine channel are established by using Delft3D. Through the generalized setting of the plane form of each bifurcated estuarine channel model, the effects of plane form characteristics, such as branching bending and width convergence, on the propagation process of tidal wave are discussed. This paper reveals the influence mechanism of the plane morphological characteristics of the tidal estuarine channel on the tidal dynamics. The results show that the convergence effect of channel width is the main reason for the variation of tidal wave propagation in the estuary. The convergence effect enhances tidal wave propagation by adjusting the momentum balance process between friction term and pressure gradient term.