永定河流域生态补偿标准研究

结合流域生态补偿研究中忽略水质功效、生态价值计算方法缺少系统性的不足，本文给出基于水量水质模拟、水生态价值核算的流域生态补偿标准测算框架，并以水量水质功效的不可分割性为基础，给出永定河跨界断面补偿标准。上游山西省、河北省在下泄水量不足、入河污染物浓度及总量超标的情况下，应向下游北京给予水量、水质赔偿10762、19055万元。借鉴永定河流域生境及物种的多元化、不同水域相关功能属性的差异性，本文从河流生态系统、森林生态系统、湿地生态系统层面考虑，借助投入产出对应关系确定受益补偿标准为150亿元。以限制发展机会成本、水源涵养损失机会成本为依据，给出流域生态受损补偿标准为16亿元。结合应用成果，探讨了生态补偿标准完善策略。

Study on Eco-compensation Standard of Yongding River Basin

In the study of watershed eco-compensation, the water quality efficacy is ignored at sometimes, and computing method of ecological value is also promiscuous. This paper gives watershed eco-compensation calculation framework based on water quantity-quality simulation and water ecological value calculation. By virtue of the inseparable character of water quantity and quality, this paper provides the Yongding River boundary section compensation standard. Under the circumstance of river discharged flow shortage and pollutants emission over-standard, the Shanxi province and Hebei province located in the upstream of Yongding River, should supply 107 million yuan and 190 million yuan for water quantity and quality compensation respectively to the downstream Beijing. For Yongding River Basin has various species and habitats, as well as different water functions, this paper gives the benefit compensation standard is 15 billion yuan by using corresponding relationship of input-output considering from the level of river, forest and wetland ecosystem. This paper presents 1.6 billion yuan as damaged compensation standard making opportunity cost and cost input as foundation. Finally, the paper discusses the perfection suggestion of eco-compensation standard.