长江流域水系统生态服务价值评价方法

为完善人类活动影响下的生态系统评价体系、实现对生态关键要素的价值识别与评估。本文通过将生态系统服务价值(ESV)评价与改进的水资源综合模拟与调配模型(WAS)耦合,量化识别“自然-社会”二元水循环对区域生态系统功能的支撑作用,提出水系统生态服务价值(ESV-W)评价方法。将该方法应用于2005—2020年长江流域水系统的生态服务价值评价中,研究结果表明：2005—2020年长江流域水系统生态服务价值(ESV)由31.04万亿增长到42.08万亿,高价值区域(>30万元/hm²)集中在长江中下游及两湖地区;水系统的生态服务价值(ESV-W)分项来看,单方水的生态效益从19.20元/m³提高到24.98元/m³,其中2020年的农业灌溉、生态补水和自然水循环的效益分别为8.21元/m³、194.93元/m³、43.13元/m³。

Services value evaluation of water cycle and ecosystem in the Yangtze River Basin

To address the complexity of evaluating the Ecosystem Services Value(ESV)under human activities,this paper couples the ESV evaluation system with an improved Water Allocation and Simulation Model(WAS)to quantify and identify the supporting role of the "nature-society" dual water cycle in regional ecosystem functions,and proposes an evaluation method for the the Ecological Service Value of Water(ESV-W).Applying this method to the evaluation of the ESV and the ESV-W of the Yangtze River Basin from 2005 to 2020.The results show that the ESV of the Yangtze River Basin increased from 31.04 trillion yuan to 42.08 trillion yuan from 2005 to 2020,with high-value areas concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Two Lakes regions.In terms of the ESV-W,the unit benefit increased from 19.20 yuan/m³ to 24.98 yuan/m³,among which the contribution of agricultural irrigation,ecological replenishment,and natural water cycle in 2020 were 8.21 yuan/m³,194.93 yuan/m³,and 43.13 yuan/m³,respectively.This study provides a scientific reference for improving the evaluation system of Ecosystem Service Value and the optimization management of water resources.