河流水电梯级开发水温累积影响研究

从流域开发对河流水温结构的影响方面进行分析,采用现场观测和数学模型计算相结合的方法,对水库水温结构进行研究,同时,对梯级电站下泄水温的累积影响进行数值模拟研究。研究结果表明,高坝大库对河流水温改变大,对水温累积影响的贡献大;流域开发程度越高,累积影响越大,5个梯级比3个梯级累积影响大。这一定量研究成果体现了梯级电站的水温累积影响和群体效应,可推进梯级水电站对河流水温影响的研究进程,并为研究大型电站运行减缓下泄低温水的对策措施提供依据和参考。

Study on cumulative effects of water temperature by cascade hydropower stations built on rivers

The Article introduces the situation of water temperature structure in cascade hydropower stations built in middle and lower reaches of rivers,analyzes the effects due to cascade hydropower development in river basins,by means of combining field observation with numerical computation.Furthermore,the cumulative temperature effects of discharging water from reservoirs are simulated.The research result indicates that high dams with large reservoir would make significant change of river flow temperature and lead to a big cumulative effects on water temperature.The more a river basin is developed,the larger the effects would be.Some quantitative results are obtained,which would provide a reference for large scale hydropower station operation in order to reduce cold water discharge effects on water temperature.