河型成因研究及其应用

大水淤滩刷槽、小水淤槽、河性对河型就在这对相互矛盾过程的相互交替、相互抵消、相互消长中形成。演化。前者导向好河，后者导向坏河。两者的强弱对比，就是河性河型差异的总根据。可用来水来沙关系的ｍ值来表达这种对比，ｍ〉２．５的将形成单股窄深蠕动性河型，ｍ〈２．５的则形成多宽浅游荡河型。改变来水来沙关系的ｍ值，大水淤滩刷槽、小水淤槽过程的强弱地经也就改变，河性河型逐步改变。这就是调水调沙、改造河性的真谛。将

River Patterns and Their Changes

The paper suggests that patterns of river channels could be divided into two types, single channel and multiple channels, depending on the relation of incoming flow and sediment which could be represented by the component m. If m is larger than 2.5, the river would have a trend to one channel, straight or sinuous.and the single channel often develops a sinuous thalweg with alternate deeps and shallows, while m is smaller than 2.5, the river would go through multiple channels or braided stream. With the development of human civilization, patterns of river channels tend to be changeable. The authors point out that human could modify the river patterns based upon the given principles, in order to build up engineering or to promote sediment transport capacity.