黄河上游干流水库调节水沙对宁蒙河道的影响

黄河上游干流大型水库投入运用后，在带来了巨大的发电、防洪、灌溉和防凌效益的同时，也给枢纽下游冲积性河道的演变带来了一些负面的影响。本文主要对水库运用前后黄河上游宁蒙河道水沙条件的变化和河道冲淤演变进行分析研究，给出了头道拐站输沙能力与流量问的量化关系。在分析泥沙输移规律和宁蒙河道淤积成因的基础上，计算了龙羊峡和刘家峡水库调节水沙对宁蒙河道的影响。初步计算分析了内蒙河道维持目前过洪现状及恢复到2000m^3／s平滩流量条件下所需要的水量。该研究对西线调水和水库运用具有指导作用。

Impact of water and sediment regulation by reservoirs in the upper Yellow River on Inner-Mongolia reaches

The operation of large reservoirs in the upper Yellow River can produce great benefits in electricity, flood defense, irrigation and ice-flood control, but at the same time it can cause some negative influence to alluvial river course below the reservoirs. Water and sediment changing and fluvial processes before and after reservoir operation in Inner-Mongolia reaches are analyzed in this paper. The relationship between flow discharge and sediment transport capacity at impact of water and Toudaoguai station is proposed. Based on the sediment transport law and sihing reason, the sediment regulation by Longyangxia and Liujiaxia reservoirs on the Inner-Mongolia reaches is studied. In addition, the demanding water amounts for keeping the flood conveying capacity at present state and future state with the bankfull discharge of 2 000m^3/s in the reaches are proposed. The research results can be used to guide reservoir operation and water transfer of the West-Route Project.