黄土高原土壤侵蚀的人为影响程度研究综述

人类活动对黄土高原土壤侵蚀的影响程度始终是黄土高原土壤侵蚀和黄河泥沙变化研究中的热门问题。人类活动对黄土高原土壤侵蚀影响研究主要可以分为地质地貌学法，土地利用变化法，气候演变法和水土保持措施法等四类，地质地貌学方法又包括黄河下游冲积扇沉积模式、地貌循环理论、侵蚀的自然脉动、沟谷侵蚀速率、侵蚀期与堆积期轮回等方法。不同研究方法对人类活动的影响评价存在明显异同。通过对现有研究方法、结果和观点的整理与讨论，认为应该提取和组织高时空分辨率的自然与人类活动要素，恢复地史与历史时期侵蚀面貌，探讨人类活动与水土流失变化的过程与机制，评价和预测人类活动对土壤侵蚀的影响。

Review on Effects of Human Activities on the Soil Erosion in the Loess Plateau

The effect of human activities on the soil erosion in the Loess Plateau is the hot issue in the study of soil erosion and sediment change of the Yellow River. There are four kinds of research methods respectively based on geology and morphology, land use/cover change, climate fluctuation, and soil and water conservation. The geology and morphology method includes sedimentation processes in lower reach of Yellow River, theory of geomorphological cycle, natural pulse of erosion, velocity of gully and geological circle of erosion and deposition. However, results from different researchers give obvious discrepancy on the effect of human activity. In this paper, the methods, results, and points of view are summarized for the purpose of deeper understanding of degree of human impact and further research in this area.