田纳西流域水利水保工程减沙及对我国长江流域水保的启示

根据田纳西干流四个主要测站有1935～1942年的水沙资料分析得出泥沙呈减少趋势，其原因为气候、水利和水保工程影响。根据支流典型测站有1935～1938和1963～1965年水沙资料情况对9条支流进行了平均对比分析，得出泥沙减少是流域内水保工程所致；对有1935～1938，1939～1942和1963～1965年三个时段的支流测站VALLEY河进行了深入的分析，得出在排除降雨条件影响下水土保持措施的减沙效果。另外结合田纳西流域的治理，对我国长江流域的水保提出了商榷性意见。

Sediment reduction of soil and water cosnervation(SWC) & hydraulic projects in the Tennessee River basin,USA & its revelation to SWC work in the Yangtze River,China

In order to use experiences and lessons of soil erosion control and water conservancy project construction of early river basin management in the world as rerference for the Three Gorges Project, the sediment reduction effects of long-term soil conservation measures and water conservancy projects and its causes in the Tennessee River basin were analysed in this paper. According to analysis of sediment data in the 4 main hydrological stations in the main stream of the Tennessee River, the declining trend of sediment concentration and sediment delivery rate from 1935 to 1942 was obtained with the possible reasons of dry climate and construction of large reservoirs as well as SWC work. Based on the contrast analysis of the periods of 1935 to 1988 with 1963 to 1965 in nine hyrological stations without hydraulic projects in the controlled area, the sediment concentration and sediment delivery rate in the period of 1963 to 1965 was declined comparing with that in the period of 1935 - 1938 in the case of slight change of rainfall and runoff in the two periods. The conclusion of sediment reduction contributed mainly by soil and water conservation in this basin is obtained. Valley River, one of the tributaries of the Tennessee river, is analyzed in three periods of 1935 - 1938,1939 - 1942 and 1963 - 1965. The reason of 39 % sediment concentration reduction in the period of 1963 - 1965 comparing with the period of 1935 - 1938 is the result of soil and water conservation in the river basin. The comparison of SWC work between China and U. S. A was made and several suggestions were raised for future SWC in the upper part of the Three Gorges Project on the Yangtze River.