温度和光强对4种常见水华藻叶绿素荧光特性的影响

为探寻藻类水华暴发的机理,实现水华的预测预警和防治,深入研究藻类的生理生态学特性十分重要。以4种常见水华藻类(汉斯冠盘藻、小环藻、斜生栅藻和铜绿微囊藻)为研究对象,应用叶绿素荧光技术研究了不同温度梯度和光照强度对4种常见水华藻类叶绿素荧光特性的影响。研究结果显示:汉斯冠盘藻对低温有良好的适应性,高温易造成热胁迫,其适宜的生长温度为3~22℃;在3~22℃条件下,随着光强的增强,其电子传递速率显著增加,表明其具有强的光保护能力和光能利用效率;铜绿微囊藻对高温有着较好的适应性,适宜温度为15~30℃,10℃以下会受到低温胁迫,光能利用效率随温度上升而升高;小环藻表现出对高温的适应性,3~10℃低温导致生长迟滞;相比而言,斜生栅藻对温度的适应范围更广,在22~30℃条件下,斜生栅藻具有更高的光能利用效率和光量子产量。研究结果显示了不同藻类生理生态学特性的差异,为水华的预测预警和治理提供参考。

Effects of Temperature and Illumination on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Four Common Bloom Algae

Characteristics of algal physiological ecology is important for researchers to explore the mechanism of algal bloom outbreak and forecast and prevent algal bloom.Four common bloom algae were taken as research objects,namely Stephanodiscus hantzschii,Cyclotella sp.,Scenedesmus obliquus,and Microcystis aeruginosa.The effects of temperature and illumination on the chl6rophyll fluorescence of the four bloom algae were studied by chlorophyll fluorescence technology.Results reveal that Stephanodiscus hantzschii has strong adaptability to low temperature with suitable temperature ranging from3 ℃ to 22 ℃,while high temperature could easily lead to thermal stress.In particular,under suitable temperature,its electron transport rate obviously increases with the increase of illumination,which indicates Stephanodiscus hantzschii has strong light protection and light utilization ability:Microcystis aeruginosa has good adaptability to high temperature with suitable temperature of 15 ～ 30 ℃,while blow 10 ℃ it will suffer from temperature stress,and its utilization efficiency of light energy improves with temperature rising.In addition,Cyclotella sp.also shows adaptability to high temperature,while low temperature (3 ～ 10 ℃) may cause growth retardation.In comparison,Scenedesmus obliquus displays a wider adaptation to temperature,and shows higher utilization efficiency of light energy and light quantum yield under certain temperature range (22 ～ 30 ℃).The results show the differences of physiological ecology characteristics of the four algae,and provide reference for the prediction,early warning and management of algal bloom.