钉螺适宜孳生地环境与水情变化响应关系研究

 基于钉螺的生态水力学特性和水情变化对疫区钉螺适宜孳生地环境变化的趋势性影响，提出了表征钉螺适宜孳生地环境变化的水情指标，并以我国目前钉螺分布范围最广且血吸虫病疫情最难防治的洞庭湖为例，分析了湖区水情变化特征，推求了近年来洞庭湖区钉螺适宜孳生地环境面积大小，揭示了洞庭湖区钉螺适宜孳生地环境面积与以城陵矶站汛期平均水位为指示性指标的疫区水情变化间的响应关系，结果表明洞庭湖区钉螺适宜孳生地环境与疫区水情变化线性相关性显著。该成果可为洞庭湖疫区疫情预报预防、血防查螺及水利灭螺等提供技术服务。

Study on Response of Suitable Environment for Oncomelania Breeding Grounds to Variation of Flow Regime

 On the basis of the trend influence of ecological hydraulics characteristics of Oncomelania and variation of flow regime on the environment variation of Oncomelania breeding grounds in epidemic area, the flow regime indices are put forward to characterize the breeding environmental conditions of Oncomelania Hupensis Gredler. Taking the Dongting Lake with most widely distributed Oncomelania Hupensis Gredler and most serious schistosomiasis epidemic situation in China as an example, the size of Oncomelania Hupensis Gredler breeding grounds in recent years is deduced from analysing the variation of flow regime in Dongting Lake, and the response relation between the area of Oncomelania Hupensis Gredler breeding grounds in Dongting Lake and the mean water level at Chenglingji Station during flood season is revealed. The research shows that the relation is remarkably linear. The results are not only helpful for the forecast and prevention of schistosomiasis epidemic situation, but also for the technical service of the spot check and kill off of Oncomelania Hupensis Gredler.