基于RS和GIS的三峡库区 水土流失快速动态监测研究

 以1986年和1999年三峡库区(湖北片)的TM，SPOT(全色)作为遥感解译的数据源，利用TM光谱信息丰富、SPOT影像空间分辨率高的特点，在对这两种影像作融合后再利用遥感图像处理软件ERDAS进行土地利用解译。以地理信息系统软件ArcGIS8.1作为处理平台，以1：50 000地形图作为数据源，进行扫描矢量化，生成DEM，并从中提取坡度，考虑土地利用、植被覆盖率和坡度这3个因子，利用水利部的行业标准和GIS的空间叠加分析能力，研究了三峡库区(湖北片)巴东、兴山、秭归和宜昌4县1986年和1999年水土流失的动态变化，结果表明：4县中，对水土流失起减轻作用的林地、梯田、园地面积都在增加，而坡耕地(水土流失最严重)、草地面积都在减少；各县的水土流失都有不同程度的减轻，以宜昌减轻最多，秭归、兴山和巴东居其后。

Research on rapid and dynamical supervision on water and soil erosion in Three Gorges Reservoir Area based on RS and GIS

Using TM and SPOT for Three Gorges Reservoir Area images(Hubei Province region) as data source, according to the characteristics of plenty of spectrum of TM image and high space discrimination of SPOT, by fusing TM and SPOT and utilizing image processing software ERDAS, the land utilization was classified, and the calculation of available plant coverage was performed. Based on geographic information software ArcGISS. 1 and 1:50 000 digital relief map, DEM was generated and slope extracted. Considering the plant coverage degree, slope and land utilization classification and using the criterion made by water conservancy department as calculation basis, the space analysis of varieties of water and soil loss was done, the regionalizations of water and soil loss for every counties for different intensities were plotted respectively. The research results show that forest lands, garden lands and terraces, which mitigate water and soil loss, are increasing. But the areas of slope in field land and grass land where water and soil eiosion is serious are decreasing. By comparing the intensities of water and soil loss in 1986 with that in 1999, the final results indicate that the intensities of water and soil loss in four counties are all mitigating. , Yichang county ranks first, and Badong county the last.