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溃坝洪水研究进展
引用本文:刘林,常福宣,肖长伟,高延鸿,程令社.溃坝洪水研究进展[J].长江科学院院报,2016(6):29-35.
作者姓名:刘林  常福宣  肖长伟  高延鸿  程令社
作者单位:1. 长江科学院 水资源综合利用研究所,武汉,430010;2. 西藏自治区水利电力规划勘测设计研究院,拉萨,850000
基金项目:水利部公益性行业科研专项(201301037)
摘    要:溃坝洪水研究的目的是计算溃决坝址的流量、水位过程线,并向下游作洪水演进得到沿程的流量、流速、水位、波前与洪峰的到达时间,评估下游洪水淹没损失情况,以便于采取措施,降低洪水风险。从溃坝水流理论研究、溃坝问题的试验研究、溃坝模拟及洪水在下游演进这3个方面对溃坝洪水研究进行了综述,回顾和总结了国内外溃坝洪水研究的发展历程、已取得的成果和近些年的进展,提出了将来要研究的重点,并对研究前景进行了展望。目前溃坝理论的数值求解发展迅速,由试验提出了溃坝机理,研究不断模型化;但高强输沙理论未建立,溃口冲刷过程未能准确表达,对梯级溃坝和冰湖溃决洪水研究较少。今后应加强溃坝水流理论研究,开展大尺度、多库溃坝模型试验研究,积极做好梯级溃坝和冰湖溃决洪水模拟,进一步建立快捷可靠的区域溃坝洪水预报系统。

关 键 词:溃坝洪水  溃坝模型试验  洪水演进  数值模拟  冰湖溃决洪水

Research Progress on Dam-break Flood
LIU Lin,CHANG Fuxuan,XIAO Changwei,GAO Yanhong,CHENG Lingshe.Research Progress on Dam-break Flood[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2016(6):29-35.
Authors:LIU Lin  CHANG Fuxuan  XIAO Changwei  GAO Yanhong  CHENG Lingshe
Abstract:The purpose of research on dam?break flood is to calculate the dam?break flow, water level hydrograph and the downstream flood flow, flow velocity, water level, arrival time of the wave front and peak along the flow path, to evaluate the loss caused by downstream flood and take measures to reduce flood risk. A review was made on the study of dam?break flood from aspects of theoretical analysis, physical experiment and numerical simulation on dam failure and flood routing in the downstream. The developments, achievements and progresses of researches on dam?break flood in recent years in China and abroad are summarized, and the prospects and focus were prospec?ted. At present, the numerical solution of the dam break theory is developing rapidly, the dam?break mechanism has been proposed according to dam?break experiments, the research has become increasingly modelled. But it’ s hard to accurately express the dyke erosion process while high strength sediment transport theory has not been estab?lished yet, and also the research about cascade dam?break floods and glacier lake outburst floods is rare. In the fu?ture, we should strengthen the theoretical research, conduct large?scale model test for dam breach of cascade reser?voirs, improve simulation of cascade dam?break floods and glacier lake outburst floods, and further build a fast and reliable forecasting system for regional dam?break flood.
Keywords:dam-break flood  dam-break experiment  flood routing  numerical simulation  glacier lake outburst flood
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