几种评价地下水环境脆弱性方法之比较

 地下水体是个非常复杂的综合体，其质量具有明显的随机性和模糊性，地下水环境脆弱性评价是一个典型的定性与定量相结合的问题。传统的DRASTIC指标法适合地下水环境本质脆弱性评价，但不能较好地反映出特殊脆弱性，并且采用加权评分法掩盖了各评价因素指标值的连续变化对地下水环境脆弱性的影响。本文对地下水环境脆弱性评价方法进行了探讨，将模糊数学和人工神经网络理论应用于地下水环境脆弱性评价，建立了基于层次分析(AHP)的模糊综合评价模型和人工神经网络模型，并选用宁陵县为典型区进行了实证检验，对这三种评价方法进行了对比分析。

Research on methods of groundwater vulnerability evaluation

The groundwater quality is a very complicated synthesis that has obvious randomness and fuzzy character. The groundwater vulnerability evaluation is an issue of typical qualitative and quantitative analyses. The conventional DRASTIC index method is only suitable for the essential vulnerability evaluation but can not reflect the special vulnerability. Owing to applying the adding-weight evaluation method, the influence of the continuous changes in index values of evaluation factors on the groundwater environmental vulnerability is concealed. This paper discusses the methods of the groundwater environmental vulnerability evaluation and applies the fuzzy theory and the neural network theory to the evaluation and establishes an AHP-based fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and a neural network model which are validated by the application in Ningling county. At last, the three methods are analyzed comparatively.