玛纳斯河流域山前平原区地下水系统模型研究

新疆干旱少雨，冰川融水季节性较强，要满足工、农业的快速、持续发展，需合理有效地开采、利用地下水资源。玛纳斯河流域周边地区经济发展较快，以灌溉为主的农业生产及工业发展更离不开水资源的供给。本文分析了玛纳斯河流域平原区地下水资源赋存特点，依据开采区含水层水文地质特征，在对研究区边界及初始条件进行合理概化基础上建立了地下水系统模拟模型。考虑到地下水资源动态变化受人工开采型、水文-人工开采型、气候型等混合形式影响的特点，将水资源补给、排泄项划分到7个时段，研究区划分为620个单元和339个结点，采用有限元方法对模型进行数值离散，在边界条件及垂向水交换量进行动态模拟基础上对潜水和承压水非稳定流动态流场进行了拟合，拟合结果中误差小于0．5m的结点数超过总结点数的85％。得到了该区地下水系统水文地质参数，实现了地下水开采较大的冲洪积扇区较高精度的水资源动态模拟，同时为水资源变化预报预测提供了可靠参数及模型基础。

Dynamic simulation to ground water resource in Manas plain

This paper analyzes the storage circumstances of groundwater resource in Manas basin in Xinjiang Province. According to hydrological geologic characteristics, a simulated model of groundwater system has been established on the base of simplifying the boundary conditions and initial conditions of the region of investigation. The supplying and draining items are divided into 7 time-domains considering the dynamic change of groundwater resource influenced by the process of exploiting. The investigated region is divided into 620 elements and 339 crunodes. The mathematical model is discretized following the finite-element method. On the basis of dynamic simulation to the boundary conditions and the vertical inter-cross flow of water, the unsteady flow field of phreatic water and confined water is simulated. The results show that more than 85% crunodes can have the error less than 0.5m. The hydrological geologic parameters of groundwater system are found. The dynamic simulation with higher precision for groundwater resource in Alluvial-pluvial sector is realized. At the same time the parameters and models for predicting the changes of groundwater resource are provided.