复杂内边界长距离输水明渠的一维非恒定流数学模型

大型跨流域调水工程。通常具有输水线路长、沿程过水建筑物类型和数量多的特点。节制闸、分水口及倒虹吸、渡槽等建筑物与水流的复杂作用，造成了长距离输水明渠非恒定流模拟的困难。建立了复杂内边界长距离输水明渠的一维非恒定流数学模型。模型定义和模化了节制闸、倒虹吸和多孔并联渡槽等3种类型的内边界条件，实现了对输水明渠水力过渡过程中水位、流量大幅度变化的无间断连续模拟。模型应用于南水北调中线一期工程总干渠全线和单个闸门的模拟分析。验证了模型的合理性。结果表明，模型能够模拟多内边界复杂输水渠道的水力响应过程，可作为南水北调中线一期工程等跨流域大型明渠输水工程的模拟工具。

One-Dimensional Numerical Model for Unsteady Flows in Long-Route Open Channel with Complex Inner Boundary Conditions

Trans-basin water diversion channels are usually characterized by long route,large scale,and various hydraulic constructions including regulators,turnouts,flumes and inverted siphons.It is difficult to simulate the unsteady flow in such water-diversion channels due to complex inner boundaries consisted of various hydraulic constructions.In this paper,a one-dimensional numerical model was developed for unsteady flows in long-route open channel with complex inner boundary conditions.Three types of inner boundary conditions,i.e.regulators,inverted siphons,and flumes with parallel connections,are identified and formulated.This facilitates continuous simulation of large-amplitude variations in wauer level and flow discharge during the flow transitions.The model was applied to the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project(MRSNWDP) for simulation of transition flows in the whole channel,caused by the operation of a single regulator or the synchronous operation of all the regulators.The validation results show its efficiency and applicability to large-scale water diversion channels such as MRSNWDP.