新型潮汐双向竖井贯流式水轮机能量特性研究

为了研究某潮汐电站开发的新型高效低水头大流量双向竖井贯流式水轮机的能量特性,进行了模型试验与数值模拟计算。在模型试验中测试了水轮机正反两向、不同叶片安放角、不同导叶开度下的水头、流量和扭矩等参数,绘制了水轮机模型综合特性曲线,并与数值模拟结果进行了对比。试验结果表明,水轮机额定工况下,正向效率可达89.68%,反向效率可达84.08%,满足该潮汐电站运行要求;数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合,验证了数值模拟的可靠性,同时通过将换算后的原型试验结果与CFD数值模拟结果进行对比发现,在偏离设计工况点但是保持额定水头不变时,改变导叶开度引起的流量变化比改变叶片安放角引起的流量变化对数值模拟结果的偏差影响略大。

The energy characteristics test for new type of bidirectional shaft tubular turbine

In order to research the energy characteristics of new type, high efficiency, low head, large discharge, bidirectional shaft tubular turbine for a tidal power station, we make the mode test and numerical simulation, and measure parameters such as the head, discharge and torque under positive and negative, different turbine blade angle, different guide vane opening, and draw the turbine model synthetic characteristic curve, and the curve is compared with numerical simulation results. The test results indicate that, when the turbine under rated operating mode, positive efficiency can reach 89.68%, reverse efficiency can reach 84.08%, which can satisfy the operation requirements of tidal power station; the results we test can meet the numerical simulation results which validate the reliability of numerical simulation results, by means of the compassion between prototype and model efficiency and CFD numerical simulation results, we found that when deviated from designed point but keep the rated head, the affection which the discharge change caused by changing the guide vane opening is a bit greater than which the discharge change caused by changing the blade angle.