城市水安全指数及其评价标准

考虑现有水安全定义以及水安全系统的特征,在尝试给出城市水安全定义的基础上,从城市规模、防洪安全、供水安全以及水环境安全4个方面,构建了针对南方湿润地区的城市水安全评价指标体系以及评价标准,并选用层次分析法确定了各指标的权重。借鉴边际效益递减原理,利用指数型功效函数实现了指标的标准化。引入协调度和发展度的概念,用于衡量水安全系统及其子系统发展的有序性、稳定行和协调性。利用该模型对武汉市2003年-2009年水安全状况进行了评价,计算结果表明,水安全目前处于"相对安全"状态,并且有逐年改善的趋势。实例应用结果验证了该模型的可行性与有效性,在城市水安全评价中有一定应用价值。

Urban Water Security Index and Its Evaluation Criterion

Considering the past definitions and characteristics of water security, the definition of urban water security is proposed tentatively. Based on these, the urban water security system is divided into four subsystems, including urban scale subsystem, flood control security subsystem, water supply security subsystem and water environment security subsystem. The evaluation index system and criterion for south China are built, and the weight of each hierarchy is confirmed by the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The values of indicators are normalized using exponential efficacy function based on the law of diminishing marginal utility. The concepts of coordination index (CI) and development index (DI) are proposed to illustrate the degree of coordination and stability of water security system. The states of urban water security in Wuhan City from 2003 to 2009 are evaluated by the new model. The result shows that the city from 2003 to 2009 is in safe status, and the situation is getting better. The application results verify the feasibility effectiveness of the model.