内陆干旱平原区水土资源开发与盐分再分布的关系

以新疆阜康市和哈密市典型水土开发区为例,利用典型剖面分层土壤含盐量及地下水水质的测试结果,分析开垦初期有水平排水和无水平排水条件下土壤及地下水中盐分再分布特征。结果表明:开垦初期的水平排水排盐过程,可以将垦区土壤历史时期积累的大量盐分排出农田,作物耕作层下部和地下水含盐量较低;而开垦初期未经历水平排水排盐过程,直接采用竖井灌排的垦区,历史时期积累在表层的盐分随地下水位下降而积累于作物耕作层以下和地下水中。

Exploitation of soil and water resources and redistribution of salt in inland arid plain area

By investigating the soil salt content and groundwater quality of typical profiles of soil and water development regions in Fukang City and Hami City, this study analyzed the redistribution characteristics of salt content in soil and groundwater under conditions with or without horizontal drainage in the initial stages of reclamation. The results showed that the soil salt accumulated in the reclamation area was discharged from the farmland under horizontal drainage conditions in the initial stages of reclamation, so the salt content of soil and groundwater below the cultivated horizon were low; but in reclamation areas with shaft well drainage instead of horizontal drainage in the initial stages of reclamation, the salt in the surface stratum leached into the soil and groundwater below the cultivated horizon due to the descent of the underground water level.