莱茵河流域水环境管理的经验对长江中下游综合治理的启

以欧洲莱茵河流域近 5 0年的综合治理经验 ,尤其是近 10年相继开展的一系列流域管理行动计划的成果 ,介绍莱茵河从传统的单一流域水管理向以生存质量可持续发展为目标的可持续综合管理转变过程 ,即流域有关国家跨国协调的经验 ,流域内各国为共同治理莱茵河签署的控制化学污染公约、控制氯化物污染公约、防治热污染公约、2 0 0 0年行动计划、洪水管理行动计划等一系列协定 ,由此展望莱茵河流域可持续管理的未来。建议我国在长江三角洲经济发达地区尽快采用严格的欧洲环境管理标准 ,严密监测 ,强化监督 ,依法治理。

Experiences in water environment management of the Rhine River Basin and their enlightenment to comprehensive regulation of the middle and lower Yangtze River

Based on the experiences in comprehensive regulation of the Rhine River Basin in Europe in the past 50 years and especially on the results of a series of management schemes continuously implemented in the river basin in the past 10 years, an introduction is given to the change from traditional single river basin water management of the Rhine River to the sustainable development-oriented comprehensive management, including the experiences in transnational cooperation in the river basin, chemical pollution control convention, chloride pollution control convention, and thermal pollution control convention signed by related nations for cooperation in regulation of the river basin, the 2000's action scheme, and the flood management action scheme; the sustainable management of the Rhine River Basin in future is also prospected. The experiences are of a certain reference value to the management of large river basins in China.