平原河网区地下水污染风险评价体系及其应用

针对平原河网地区特征,结合地下水污染影响因素及途径分析,建立了包含地下水本质脆弱性、地表水系和地下工程特殊脆弱性以及污染源荷载3个部分16个指标的地下水污染风险评价体系,并以上海市金山区为例进行案例解析。结果表明:金山区地下水脆弱性较高,中等脆弱以上级别面积达到449.80 km~2,占评价区面积的70.67%,主要受本质脆弱性和地表水系特殊脆弱性较高影响叠加而成;地下水污染源荷载评价"中"级别以下风险区面积达到555.44 km~2,面积占比达87.27%,其主要潜在污染源为化工类工业园区及加油站;金山区地下水污染风险整体处于较低级别状态,"中"以下级别风险区面积为553.38 km~2,"低"级别风险区面积为231.13 km~2,"高"级别风险区主要集中在金山南部,是该区域较高的地下水脆弱性、密集的工业区等多因素综合叠加的结果。

Risk assessment system of groundwater pollution in plain river network area and its application

According to the characteristics of plain river network area, combined with the analysis of influencing factors and ways of groundwater pollution, a groundwater pollution risk assessment system including 3 parts and 16 indexes of groundwater intrinsic vulnerability, special vulnerability of surface water system and underground engineering, and pollution source load was established. A case study was carried out in Jinshan District of Shanghai. The results show that the vulnerability of groundwater in Jinshan District is relatively high, with the area of medium and above level reaching 449.80km², accounting for 70. 67% of the area of the evaluation area, which is mainly caused by the superposition of intrinsic vulnerability and the special vulnerability of surface water system. The area below the medium level of groundwater pollution source load assessment reaches 555.44km², accounting for 87. 27% of the total area. The main potential pollution sources are chemical industry parks and gas stations. The risk of groundwater pollution in Jinshan District is in a lower level. The area of the middle and below level is 553.38 km², the area of the low level is 231.13km², and the area of the high level is mainly concentrated in the south of Jinshan District, which is the result of the superposition of many factors, such as the high vulnerability of groundwater and the intensive industrial zones.