农业灌溉的负效应

农业灌溉在提高农业抗灾能力、促进农业发展、改善人民生活中都发挥了十分重要的作用。但同时,灌溉打破了原有水量平衡、水土平衡、水沙平衡和水盐平衡。造成的负面效应有:水污染加剧对物理系统、生物系统(动植物和人类健康等)产生负面影响;水资源短缺降低了历史文化景观价值,对社会系统产生负面影响。应加强流域和区域灌溉水源统一调度,协调灌溉用水和生态环境用水的关系,大力发展节水灌溉,加强灌溉工程运行管理,减小农业灌溉负效应。

The negative effect of irrigation

Irrigation plays an important role in the enhancement of the droughtresistant ability of agriculture,the development of agriculture,improvement of the living standard of people,and so on.Unfortunately,by breaking the former balance of water quantity and balances between water and soil,and water and silts,and water and salts,the irrigation also has negative effects,for example,the irrigation with polluted water has negative effects on physical systems,animals,plants and human health.Irrigation would also intensify the shortage of water resources and decrease the value of historical,cultural,and landscaping values of social systems.Countermeasures for reducing negative effects were put forward such as unified management of district and watershed resources,balancing the water use of the irrigation and ecological environment,accelerating the development of water-saving irrigation,and reinforcing the operation and maintenance of irrigation projects.