基于SWAT模型的东江流域蓝水、绿水时空分布特征研究

基于SWAT(soil and water assessment tool)模型,对东江流域天然状态下的降雨径流过程进行模拟,进而评估流域蓝水、绿水的时空分布特征。结果表明:东江流域蓝水、绿水资源量都非常丰富,多年平均蓝水资源量274.67×108m3,绿水资源量178.72×108m3(主要以绿水流为主),蓝水资源是绿水资源的1.54倍。东江流域以蓝水为主的水资源构成体系主要是由流域湿热多雨的气候条件决定的。从时间变化来看,近年来东江流域蓝水资源、绿水资源、绿水流、绿水储皆无显著增加或降低趋势。从空间分布上来看,蓝水资源格局主要受降雨格局控制,而绿水资源不但受气候条件影响,还受流域下垫面的自然属性以及人类活动干扰,如土地利用方式、土壤类型等,分布格局较为复杂。

Research on spatial and temporal distribution features of green and blue water in Dongjiang River Basin based on SWAT model

Based on the SWAT model, the natural rainfall runoff in the Dongjiang River Basin is simulated so that the temporal and spatial distribution features of green water and blue water in the basin can be evaluated. Results show that green water and blue water resources are both very rich in Dongjiang River Basin. For many years the average blue water resource has been 275 billion m³and the average green water resource has been 179 billion m³ for many years, which is mainly made of green water flow. The blue water is 1. 54 times that of the green water. The composition of water resources of the Dongjiang River Basin is mainly determined by the humid and rainy climate of the basin. From the point of time change, blue water, green water, green water flow and green water storage all have no tendency of decreasing or increasing in recent years. From the spatial distribution point of view, the distribution pattern of blue water is mainly controlled by the rainfall distribution pattern. However, the green water is not only influenced by climatic conditions but also affected by the natural attributes of the underlying surface of the basin and human disturbances, such as the way of land usage, soil type and so on. Its distributionl pattern is more complex.