论调水调沙与束水攻沙

水库调水调沙的主要任务是在丰水年洪水期，小浪底水库主动降低水位泄洪冲刷，把泥沙尽量调节到洪水期输送，减少小水挟沙，增加洪水的造床和输沙作用，减少全下游河道淤积。平、枯水年份取消输沙用水。通过双岸整治河道，防止清水冲刷河槽展宽，稳定主槽，控导河势，提高游荡性河道的输沙效率，形成顺直、归顺的排洪输沙通道——窄槽宽滩。窄槽用于排洪输沙，宽滩用于特大洪水时滞洪削峰。洪水输沙、水库多年调沙与束水攻沙相互配合，是实现黄河下游河槽不抬高的必要条件。

Discussions on Water and Sand Diversion and Contracting Water for Sand Discharge

Water and sand diversion often take place in flood period in wet year. Water level is lowered artificially in the Xiaolangdi reservoir for flood scouring, using flood period to transfer the sand to reduce sediment-laden in low water flow velocity. As a result, sand transportation of flood and bedding is enhanced and sedimentation is reduced in the downstream river channels. During dry year and normal years, water sand transportation is eliminated. Through harness of river channels of both banks, it prevents the widening of channels by clean water washing. Main channel is stabilized and sand transportation efficiency of wandering channel is improved. Narrow channels and broad beach are formed for smoothly flood discharge and sand transportation. Combining use of sand regulation together with flood control has become the necessity for keeping river channels from rising in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.