美国洪水保险的经营稳定性分析

美国国家洪水保险计划是联邦政府、州与地方政府、私营保险公司的合作保险,美国洪水保险实施的理论依据是洪水风险分区和合理的费率厘定.实践证明,在平常的年份,国家洪水保险计划是自我维持的,也就是说,该计划的运行费用和洪水保险索赔不是由纳税人支付,而是通过洪水保险单筹集的保险金来维持的.如果发生较大洪水,洪水保险基金不够支付保险赔偿时,联邦紧急事务管理局会向国家财政临时借款,日后再从洪水保险基金利息中偿还.

The Working Stability of the National Flood Isurance Program

The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is a cooperative venture of the federal government, state and local governments, and the private insurance industry. The article delineates academic basis of NFIP, namely, flood risk zoning and fiscally sound premium ratemaking. At the same time, the flood insurance experience in the year 1978-2002 are described by the surplus process model, And the NFIP underwriting working status of several periods in 34 years having been analyzed with the condition for sustainable insurance. The practice validates that the NFIP is self-supporting for the average historical loss year, which means that operating expenses and flood insurance claims are not paid for by the taxpayer, but through premiums collected for flood insurance policies. The Program has borrowing authority from the U.S. Treasury for times when losses are heavy, however, these loans are paid back with interest.