海滦河流域河流系统生态环境需水量计算

从水资源开发利用中的生态环境问题出发,探讨河流系统生态环境需水量的内涵,指出生态环境需水量是指地表水体维持特定的生态环境功能所必须蓄存和消耗的最小水量。在这一概念的基础上,构建计算河流系统生态环境需水量的理论基础。以海滦河流域为例,分河流基本生态环境需水量、河流输沙排盐水量和湖泊洼地生态环境需水量三部分,概算了区域河流系统的生态环境需水量。计算结果表明,海滦河流域生态需水量为124×108m3,约占流域地表径流总量的54%。若海滦河流域水资源开发率超过40%时,就会对生态环境造成严重影响。

Calculation of river system eco-environmental water demand in Haihe and Luanhe Basin

From the eco-environmental problems in water resources development and utilization, the author discusses the connotation of river system eco-environmental water demand, and points out that eco-environmental water demand is the minimum water which must be reserved and consumed to maintain specific eco-environmental function by surface water body. On the basis of this concept, the author structures the theoretical foundation to calculate river system eco-environmental water demand. With Haihe and Luanhe Basin as an example, three parts of river fundamental eco-environmental water demand, water for river sediment and salt discharge, and lake and wetland eco-environmental water demand are divided to estimate regional river system eco-environmental water demand. The calculated result shows that eco-environmental water demand in Haihe and Luanhe Basin is 12.4 billion m3, about 54% of total basin surface runoff. If the development rate of water resources in Haihe and Luanhe Basin exceeds 40%, the serious impacts will be brought to eco-environment.